Table 3: Process of Care Variables for MRSA and Non-MRSA VAP Groups.
| Characteristic | MRSA (n = 31) | Non-MRSA (n = 109) | p-value |
| Prior antibiotic use within 90 days, n (%) | 21 (67.7) | 85 (78) | 0.24 |
| Septic shock at the time of VAP, n (%) | 2 (6.5) | 26 (23.9) | 0.04 |
| ARDS preceding VAP, n (%) | 25 (80.7) | 90 (82.6) | 0.79 |
| Hospitalization for ≥ 5 days prior to VAP, n (%) | 26 (83.9) | 93 (85.3) | 0.78 |
| Acute renal replacement therapy prior to VAP, n (%) | 2 (6.5) | 20 (18.4) | 0.16 |
| Time from admission to VAP (days), median [IQR] | 9 [4-17] | 11 [7-20] | 0.43 |
| Time from ICU admission to VAP (days), median [IQR] | 9 [4-17] | 9 [6-17] | 0.68 |
| Time from intubation to VAP diagnosis (days), median [IQR] | 7 [4-14], n = 30 | 7 [3-13] | 0.96 |
| TPN, n (%) | 3 (9.7) | 23 (21.1) | 0.19 |
| Central venous catheter, n (%) | 21 (67.7) | 80 (73.4) | 0.65 |
| Chest tube, n (%) | 5 (16.1) | 17 (15.6) | > 0.99 |
| Pleural effusion, n (%) | 15 (48.4) | 64 (58.7) | 0.31 |
| Proton pump inhibitor, n (%) | 11 (35.5) | 47 (43.1) | 0.53 |
| Activity order for head of bed elevated > 30 degrees, n (%) | 30 (96.8) | 108 (99.1) | 0.40 |
| Activity order for mobility, n (%) | 11 (35.5) | 32 (29.4) | 0.52 |
| Chlorhexidine, n (%) | 29 (93.6) | 109 (100) | 0.05 |
| SOFA at time of VAP, median [IQR] | 5 [3-7] | 6 [5-9] | 0.06 |
| Antibiotic exposure prior to VAP, n (%) | 18 (58.1) | 86 (78.9) | 0.03 |
| Duration of antibiotic exposure (days), median [IQR] | 8.5 [6-15], n = 18 | 8 [6-15], n = 86 | 0.08 |
VAP: Ventilator associated pneumonia; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU: Intensive care unit; TPN: Total parenteral nutrition; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment.