Bacteria

Yeast

Insect

Mammalian

✔High productivity

✔Fast growth rate

✔Cost-efficient

✔Easy to manipulate genetically

✔High productivity

✔Fast growth rate

✔Cost-efficient

✔Possibility for post-translational modification

✔Bio safe

✔High level of protein production

✔Possibility for post-translational modification

✔Chance of studying with multiple genes

✔Ability to make complex post-translational modifications

✔Secretion of molecules in serum-free medium

×No post-translational modifications

× Generation of contaminant endotoxins

× Distinctive glycosylation pattern

× Distinctive glycosylation pattern

× Risk of virus infection

× Moderately higher cost

× Low expression level

× Expensive to cultivate