Dietary component |
Cases (n=100) |
Controls (n=80) |
p-value |
Total energy (kcal/day) |
2454 ± 85.27 |
2650 ± 103.1 |
Ns |
Protein kcal from total energy value (%) |
25.89 ± 3.626 |
14.60 ± 0.3470 |
0.0077 |
Fat kcal from total energy value (%) |
56.39 ± 8.177 |
22.78 ± 0.6346 |
0.0005 |
Carbohydrate kcal from total energy value (%) |
39.40 ± 3.855 |
65.81 ± 1.040 |
<0.0001 |
Niacin |
48.01 ± 3.338 |
24.68 ± 1.091 |
<0.0001 |
Iron |
20.43 ± 1.008 |
20.46 ± 0.9074 |
Ns |
Thiamin |
3.448 ± 0.9198 |
2.289 ± 0.1036 |
Ns |
Riboflavin |
3.694 ± 0.9157 |
2.585 ± 0.1240 |
Ns |
Calcium |
754.6 ± 30.90 |
1014 ± 49.03 |
<0.0001 |
Ascorbic acid |
168.7 ± 9.105 |
268.1 ± 24.29 |
<0.0001 |
Retinol |
3114 ± 262.5 |
2628 ± 304.8 |
Ns |
Cholesterol (mg) |
622.3 ± 44.22 |
342.5 ± 20.13 |
<0.0001 |
Sodium (mg) |
3297 ± 217.6 |
1978 ± 94.04 |
<0.0001 |
Fiber (g) |
12.57 ± 0.9623 |
14.79 ± 0.8381 |
Ns |
Vitamin B6 |
4.183 ± 0.9200 |
2.148 ± 0.1314 |
Ns |
Vitamin B12 |
33.91 ± 3.364 |
6.407 ± 0.5807 |
<0.0001 |
Folate |
247.2 ± 13.62 |
223.0 ± 14.04 |
Ns |
Pantothenic acid |
4.735±0.9075 |
5.369 ± 0.2887 |
Ns |
Vitamin E |
12.71 ± 1.220 |
3.400 ± 0.3228 |
<0.0001 |
Saturated fat (g) |
37.70 ± 2.012 |
23.29 ± 1.481 |
<0.0001 |
Monounsaturated fat (g) |
36.02 ± 1.754 |
22.16 ± 1.246 |
<0.0001 |
Polyunsaturated fat (g) |
40.97 ± 2.428 |
13.16 ± 0.8369 |
<0.0001 |
Cupper |
1.924 ± 0.9261 |
1.168 ± 0.07171 |
Ns |
Magnesium |
321.2 ± 13.34 |
330.6 ± 19.17 |
Ns |
Phosphorous |
914.9 ± 32.85 |
1051 ± 54.88 |
0.0269 |
Potassium |
3512 ± 137.3 |
3812 ± 232.4 |
Ns |
Selenium |
11.23 ± 1.107 |
10.46 ± 1.698 |
Ns |
Zinc |
12.25 ± 1.014 |
9.252 ± 0.9799 |
0.0393 |
Water (mL) |
823.2 ± 38.37 |
2174 ± 113.4 |
<0.0001 |