Association between Individual Lifestyle Behaviors and Total AHEI-2010 score by Diabetes Status.

Table 4: Association between Individual Lifestyle Behaviors and Total AHEI-2010 score by Diabetes Status.

Multivariable linear regression model was computed for individual lifestyle behaviors and stratified by diabetes status. Adjusted for age (continuous), sex (men/women), ethnicity (Mexican American, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic black, other), education (less than high school, high school, some college education, college graduate or above), self-reported health (excellent/very good, good, fair/poor), BMI (continuous), and energy intake (continuous). Ethnicity was included as a nominal class variable. BMI and energy intake were log-transformed for normality.

Abbreviations: AHEI-2010: Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010; SE: Standard Error; CI: Confidence Interval.

Nondiabetes (n = 1428)
R²	Main Predictors	β-Coefficient	SE	95% C.I.	P-value
0.190
	Alcohol Consumption	1.28	1.04	[-0.83, 3.39]	0.227
	Sleep Adequacy	-0.06	0.98	[-2.05, 1.93]	0.953
	On a Special Diet	0.57	0.98	[-1.43, 2.57]	0.566
	Supplement Intake	1.73	0.96	[-0.22, 3.69]	0.081
	Smoking Status	-0.42	1.01	[-2.66, 1.82]	0.71
	Physical Activity	2.83	0.90	[0.99, 4.67]	0.004
Prediabetes (n = 1981)
R²	Main Predictors	β-Coefficient	SE	95% C.I.	P-value
0.198
	Alcohol Consumption	1.95	0.75	[0.42, 3.47]	0.014
	Sleep Adequacy	1.63	0.91	[-0.23, 3.49]	0.084
	On a Special Diet	2.65	1.27	[0.06, 5.24]	0.045
	Supplement Intake	2.13	0.68	[0.74, 3.52]	0.004
	Smoking Status	-2.55	0.83	[-4.23, -0.86]	0.004
	Physical Activity	2.02	0.63	[0.73, 3.30]	0.003
Diabetes (n = 708)
R²	Main Predictors	β-Coefficient	SE	95% C.I.	P-value
0.175
	Alcohol Consumption	0.07	1.14	[-2.24, 2.38]	0.95
	Sleep Adequacy	0.66	0.87	[-1.11, 2.42]	0.46
	On a Special Diet	3.31	1.20	[0.88, 5.73]	0.009
	Supplement Intake	3.89	1.15	[1.54, 6.24]	0.002
	Smoking Status	0.29	0.95	[-1.64, 2.22]	0.76
	Physical Activity	1.61	1.15	[-0.74, 3.96]	0.17