ABA requires re-certification for all Diplomates of the Board who passed oral exam after 1999. This process called MOCA and designed as a 10 years cycle of activities, which results in re-certification. Anesthesiology is not unique in this process - other 23 specialty Boards require maintenance of the certification program. The goal is to assure continuous improvement, so physicians keep up with growing body of medical knowledge and skills....

The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PRC) it is recently considered to be up to 5%. In the high-risk group, the incidence may reach or even exceed 20%. The mortality associated with PRC can be ranged 10-25%. Fleischman et al found that the incidence of PRC was higher than perioperative cardiac events, considered to be a common postoperative problem. Other authors reported that PRC is associated with a high morbidity profile....

If I ask to a man on the street about Medicine and its progress, only few events came to his mind. Antimicrobial therapy, vaccinations, surgical therapy of cancer and continuous surgical innovations, to cite only some instances, did ameliorate human health. But most of the people forget that many surgical innovations and the care of a lot of infectious disease were due to the birth and upgrading of an often neglected branch of Medicine: Anesthesia and Intensive Care. Furthermore, if I ask to a m...