This study was performed at Riyadh Care Hospitals, Saudi Arabia. The data were obtained from rheumatology outpatient clinic records that routinely measure Vitamin D levels. The total number of patients in this database was 1,072. The gathered data included vitamin D serum concentration, age, and gender, as well as body mass index (BMI). Patients were diagnosed according to Wolfe, et al. criteria for diagnosing FMS. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was defined according to Mayo Medical Laboratories Ref...

Impairment in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has been evaluated primarily by muscle fiber microscopy examination. Pathologic examination is limited by the choice of muscle and the invasiveness of muscle biopsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the muscle is a noninvasive method of evaluating muscle preservation. To compare muscle MRI and clinical function in patients at different stages (from early to terminal stage) of DMD, and to evaluate the correlation between fatty infil...