Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510114
Study of Auditory Function Changes in Patients with Down Syndrome
Zoya Ismail Nezha, MD, Youssef Youssef and Yaser Ali
Article Type: Cross-sectional Study | First Published: April 12, 2023
The study involved 30 patients with Down syndrome between 3-18 years-old who had visited ENT clinic in Tishreen University Hospital (TUH) during the period from June 2021 to June 2022. A detailed history was taken, a comprehensive examination of the ear, nose and throat, and auditory tests were taken in each patient case, and the results of these tests were recorded for all patients....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510113
Appearance of Bronchiolitis in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Randriamanga RLiD , Rakotomalala RLH, Rakotomamonjy HL and Robinson AL
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 23, 2023
Bronchiolitis is a viral respiratory infection that is usually mild in infants less than one-year-old but can be serious and fatal in children with underlying heart disease. Our objective was to describe the epidemiological - clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspect of the bronchiolitis and heart disease association seen at the Tsaralalàna mother child hospital center. This was a retrospective case-control study over a 5-year period from January 2016 to January 2021; 1 case was matched to ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510112
Trends and Non-Clinical Predictors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Influenza Diagnosis in an Urban Pediatric Population
Marina Oktapodas Feiler, PhD, MS, Recai Yucel, PhD, Zhiqing Liu, Mary Caserta, MD, B. Paige Lawrence, PhD, Carter H Pason, Dwight J Hardy, PhD, Kelly Thevenet- Morrison, MS, Ann Dozier, PhD, MS and Todd A Jusko, PhD, MS
Article Type: Original Manuscript | First Published: March 05, 2023
To evaluate the demographic, maternal, and community-level predictors of pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza diagnosis among an urban population of children residing in Rochester, NY. A test-negative case-control design was used to investigate various non-clinical determinants of RSV and influenza diagnosis among 1,808 children aged 0-14 years who presented to the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) or an affiliated health clinic in Rochester, NY between 2012-2019...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510111
Study of Clinicopathological Profile and Outcome of Patients with Septic Shock in PICU of Tertiary Care Hospital
Bansude A, Sanjay Natu, Kulkarni K and Deshpande
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: February 25, 2023
Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality and health care utilization for children worldwide. Mortality for children with sepsis ranges from 4% to as high as 50%, depending on the severity of illness, risk factors and geographic location. The majority of the children who died from sepsis suffer from refractory shock and/or multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, with many deaths occurring within an initial 48 to 72 hours of treatment....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510110
Effect of Music on Infant Stress as Measured by Cortisol Levels and Premature Infant Pain Profile: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Marissa Elizabeth L Lim, MD, MS and Francisco Jr E Anacleto
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 24, 2023
Marissa Elizabeth L Lim, MD, MS, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines, Tel: 09178651389...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510108
Risk Factor of Cerebral Vasculopathy in Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Madagascar
Andrianarivony RT, Randriamanga RL, Tsifiregna RL, Ravelomanana L and Razafiarisoa N
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: February 05, 2023
Sickle cell disease is a genetic disease that is common in Madagascar with serious complications. The cerebral vasculopathies are among the most dreadful complications by its morbid mortalities. In Madagascar, these cerebral vasculopathies in children with sickle cell disease are not sufficiently studied, and the risk factors are still unknown, hence the goal of our study....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510106
Strategies for Improving Viral Suppression among Children Living with HIV Considered to be Failing First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria: A before - after Study
Uduak Akpan, Kufre-Abasi Ukpong, Esther Nwanja, Otoyo Toyo, Christa Walker, Iheanyichukwu Elechi, Pius Nwaokoro, Olusola Sanwo, Titilope Badru, Augustine Idemudia, Satish Pandey, Hadiza Khamufo and Moses Bateganya
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: January 22, 2023
The study report the results of a quality improvement (QI) program implemented to improve viral suppression (VS) in a cohort of children living with HIV who had viremia (viral load [VL] ≥ 1,000 copies/mL) despite being on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The Meeting Targets and Maintaining Epidemic Control (EPIC) project’s quality assurance/ quality improvement team monitors quality across HIV/ AIDS thematic areas. Epic collaborated with the state pediatric task force supporting pedia...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510105
Atypical Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Children Affected with COVID-19
Samia Tilouche, MD, Sameh Ghorbel, MD, Emna Sfar, MD, Najoua Kahloul, MD, Mohamed Mahjoub, MD, Najla Soyah, MD, Naila Hannachi, MD, Jihene Bouguila and Lamia Boughamoura, MD
Article Type: Case Report | First Published: January 20, 2023
Early research and data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have proven that pediatric clinical forms are not serious in many cases. However, the disease can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction and lead to death. In the present paper, we report one of the first Tunisian critical pediatric cases, a 6-year-old girl with an atypical ARDS secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV2) that was supported by non invasive ven...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510104
Ventricular Conduction Disorders in Pediatrics: Bundle Branch Blocks- Update
Garcia Cuesta A, Villanueva García A, Uberos Fernández J and Blanca Jover E
Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 16, 2023
The interruption of the cardiac conduction system that occurs in the ventricles, anatomically after the electrical impulse leaves the atrioventricular node, generates bundle branch block. With a particular electrocardiographic morphology, specific measurable and revealing of its topography, it may be related to underlying cardiac pathology, although it also exists in hearts without pathology. Compared to adults, there are more frequent patterns of presentation in the paediatric age, such as righ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510103
Hip Dysplasia in Congenital Zika Syndrome: A 5 Year Follow- Up
Andréa F Magalhães iD , Carla ACT Caldas iD and Vinícius I de Lucca
Article Type: Original Research | First Published: January 08, 2023
Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) usually have severe neurological impairment with extrapyramidal involvement mainly spastic quadriplegia, so we believe they would have the same spasticity-related abnormalities, such as high prevalence of hip subluxation, as children with other aetiologies of cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study was to investigate hip status and describe the radiographic measures, Reimer’s migration percentage (MP) and acetabular index (AI) in infants diagnose...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510102
Meeting the Needs of Children in Pediatric Hospitals: An Analysis of Professional Roles
Emily P Finley and Holly H Hoffman, PhD
Article Type: Original Research | First Published: December 10, 2022
Every year millions of children experience being a patient in a hospital setting. When hospitalization is required, many challenges related to coping skills and development face children and families. Examples include being taken out of their typical setting, managing new information, and limited social interactions. This study gathered insights from 203 healthcare professionals (child life specialists, social workers, and counsellors) who work with pediatric patients....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510101
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Mothers on Neonatal Danger Signs
Ramamonjinirina TP, Tsifiregna RL, Rabemananjara A, Rakotondravelo SM and Rabesandratana N
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: October 13, 2022
Neonatal mortality is still a public health problem. The objective of our study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers in the Fianarantsoa Level 2 Basic Health-care Centers, face to neonatal danger signs. This was a prospective cross-sectional study of pregnant women of the second gestational age and above (parity ≥ 1), who came for prenatal consultation in public health centers, on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices in front of neonatal danger signs. The surve...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510100
Tension Pneumothorax in 5-Months Old Infant - An Atypical Presentation of CPAM Type I
Dorotea Keretic, Andro Gliha, Stjepan Visnjic, Andrija Car, Ivan Petracic, Josip Pejic, Ana Tripalo Batos, Monika Ulamec, Leon Romcevic and Antonija Gojenovic
Article Type: Case report | First Published: June 24, 2022
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation or CPAM is a rare anomaly which affects specifically one and usually lower lung lobe. In most cases it is detected during prenatal life with foetal ultrasound, but it`s not uncommon to find CPAM in background of frequent respiratory infections in childhood, rarely even in adulthood. In this paper, our aim is to present an atypical presentation of CPAM type I which we had difficulties to diagnose....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510099
High Prevalence of Neonatal Respiratory Distress and its Possible Etiologies in NICU in Syria
Fareeda Wasfy Bijow, MD, Oday Jouni, MD and Adnan Dayoub, MD
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: July 18, 2022
Neonatal Respiratory Distress (NRD) is one of the most causes of hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) worldwide in both preterm and full-term neonates. Its prevalence and etiologies vary according to several geographic, ethnic and service factors. We aimed to determine Prevalence and etiologies of NRD in NICU in Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia, Syria....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510098
Etiological Classification of Short Stature in Children over 5 Years Old
Suhad Abdullah, Ahmed Chreitah and Youssef Zreik
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: June 30, 2022
Short stature is a common problem in childhood, which may be a normal variant of growth or the result of pathologic conditions. Determination of the etiological factors would lead to more appropriate assessment and clinical approach for patients. The aim of this study is to describe the etiologies of short stature among children....
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510095
Variants in TBCK cause Global Developmental Delay, Dysmorphism, Hypotonia
Maha Alotaibi and Shaza M Aloulou
Article Type: Case Series | First Published: April 25, 2022
A protein kinase domain, a Rhodanase-like domain, and the Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16 (TBC) domain are all encoded by the TBCK gene. By modulating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, the encoded protein is hypothesized to play a role in actin organization, cell growth, and cell proliferation. Has a role in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. This protein may also play a role in the transcriptional control of mTOR complex components. And it’s found practically everywhere, i...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510094
Paracetamol Poisoning: Need to Remember Nephrotoxicity
Inês Rosinha, Marta Machado, Carolina Cordinhã, Carmen Do Carmo and Clara Gomes
Article Type: Case Series | First Published: April 11, 2022
Paracetamol overdose is an important cause of drug toxicity and pediatric overdose emergencies remain a significant global issue. Paracetamol is a known toxin to several tissues, but extrahepatic manifestations are not so well established as hepatotoxicity. Acute kidney injury occurs in up to 2% of paracetamol overdoses, generally coexisting with hepatotoxicity. A 14-year-old female adolescent presented to the emergency department 24 hours after a purposeful overdose of 22.5 grams of paracetamol...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510093
Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: A Case Series in a Tertiary Hospital
Andreia Marinhas, Ana Isabel Martins, Anabela Fazendeiro, Patrícia Lourenço, Filomena Freitas, Marta Machado and Beatriz Maia Vale
Article Type: Case Series | First Published: March 30, 2022
Characterise cases of Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) over an 8-year period in a tertiary hospital in Portugal, including the main demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as long-term follow-up and sequelae. Retrospective review of all cases of AHT admitted between 1st of January 2013 and 31st of December 2020 in a Portuguese pediatric tertiary hospital. We characterize all cases descriptively, about demographic, clinical and social characteristics. Between 2013 and 2020, 7 cases of abusive ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510092
Transition from Pediatric to Adult Care of Pediatric Patients with Chronic Disease: Experiences and Perspectives of Pediatricians and Internists at a Private Tertiary Hospital in the Philippines
Maria Anna F Perez, MD, Rosa Maria Nancho, MD, FPPS, FPSAMS, FiFePAG and Rhea Salonga-Quimpo, MD, FPPS, FCNSP, FPNA
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: March 30, 2022
The improving survival rates and life expectancy of patients with pediatric-onset chronic diseases led to a rise in the number of individuals requiring transition to adult care. A successful Health Care Transition (HCT) is vital in ensuring therapy adherence, continuity of care, and positive health outcomes. Both pediatricians and internists are key stakeholders in the transition process and have equally valuable input in improving HCT policies and programs. Pediatricians and internists in activ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510091
Clinical Manifestations in the Pediatric Patient with Post- COVID-19 Syndrome: A New Challenge for the Preservation of Functional Capacity
Ana María Zuleta-Monsalve, Carol Juliana Parra-Navarro, Kelly Marcela Ceron- Benavides, Yenny Alexandra Moreno-Giraldo and Maria Paz Bolaño-Romero
Article Type: Editorial | First Published: March 16, 2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised numerous questions about the prognosis of those affected by this disease, especially in children. Based on cases described in the literature, Nakra, et al. investigated a severe condition about which little is currently known: Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19. The authors hypothesized pathogenic mechanisms, and reported which were the most frequent clinical manifestations, taking into account that this syndrome can present ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510090
A Text Message Intervention for Weight Management in Childhood Obesity at the Pediatric Office
Ala Elayyan, MD, MPH, FAAP, CNSC, Dipl. of ABOM
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 09, 2022
Childhood overweight and obesity is a major public health problem affecting one-third of children and adolescents in the United States, it has been linked to significant health risks and comorbid conditions in children and adults as it has direct associations with chronic health problems in children and adults not limited to diabetes, dyslipidemia, heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and many others. Childhood obesity is usually diagnosed and managed at the primary care office but ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510089
Effectiveness of Polyethylene Glycol 3350 versus Lactulose in Management of Functional Constipation in Children
Hanin Ahmed Mansour, MD, Ali Ibrahim and Ali Mohammad
Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 09, 2022
Constipation is one of the common problems in childhood. Recently, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 3350) has been suggested as a good alternative laxative to Lactulose as a treatment option in pediatric constipation. The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of two laxatives (PEG 3350 and Lactulose) in the management of functional constipation and evaluate the side effects. In an open-label clinical trial, 1-13 year-old children with functional constipation according to ROME IV criteria and the p...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510088
Perinatal Risk Factors and Early Onset of Neonatal Sepsis
Fedaa Noah Noah, MD, Leen Jamel Doya, MD and Oday Jouni
Article Type: Observational Descriptive Study | First Published: February 21, 2022
Neonatal sepsis contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality and is an ongoing major global public health challenge particularly in developing countries. The study aims to determine the prevalence of early neonatal infections and risk factors associated with neonatal intensive care. In a cross-sectional study that included all newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care of Tishreen University Hospital from October 2019 for one year and who fulfilled clinical and laboratory ...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510087
Newborn Resuscitation Scale Up and Retention Program Associated with Improved Neonatal Outcomes in Western Nepal
Naresh Pratap KC, Ranjan Dhungana, Emily Gamboa, Siena F Davis, Michael K Visick and Robert B Clark, MD, MPH
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: February 07, 2022
The adoption of Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) tool has improved the outcomes of neonatal resuscitation following intrapartum events. Perinatal asphyxia however remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in Nepal. HBB training has proven effective, but a major challenge is maintaining resuscitation skills over time. Safa Sanaulo Nepal (SSN) designed an evidence-based strategy for scaling up training and sustaining long-term retention. This paper describes the implementation of SSN...
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-5769/1510086
Decision Making Surrounding Mode of Initial Enteral Feeding in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Arianne M Maya, BS, Kathleen R Ehresmann, MD, Moiz M Mustafa, MD, Janice A Taylor, MD, MEd, Shawn D Larson, MD, Saleem Islam, MD, MPH and Robin T Petroze, MD, MPH
Article Type: Original Article | First Published: January 21, 2022
Wide practice variation and weak guidelines exist when considering enteral feeding options and the decision to proceed with gastric or postpyloric enteral feeding in critically ill infants and children. The purpose of this pilot study is to explore provider decision making in early feeding of critically ill pediatric patients, review the indications for choice of enteral feeding access, and qualitatively explore the role of institutional culture in medical decision making. In-person structured i...
