An important goal of risk assessment is the determination of the minimum dose levels (benchmark doses or BMDs) of a hazardous chemical at which a specified bench mark risk (BMR) is attained. In practice, more than one experiment is often conducted for a hazard to determine the BMD values. In such cases, synthesizing all available hazard information to produce an average BMD value becomes an important task for risk analysts, which can be challenging when there is significant between-experiment he...

This study delves into the effects of secondary metabolites in Clerodendrum volubile on CYP2e1, a protein target implicated in hepatotoxicity. Among these compounds, cis,cis-linoleic acid, 3-hydroxydecanoic acid, n-pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, and 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one demonstrate strong binding affinities and stability within the protein's active site compared to standard compounds with lower values. These compounds exhibited notable binding affinities against ...