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International Journal of

Immunology and ImmunotherapyISSN: 2378-3672

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 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410034

Role of Caspase-11 Non-Canonical Inflammasome in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses

Young-Su Yi

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: December 14, 2018

Inflammation is a complex biological response mediated by macrophages to protect the body from the pathogens and danger signals. The inflammatory response is initiated by priming, a process increasing the expression of inflammatory genes by extracellular pattern-recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated detection of pathogens, followed by triggering, a process detecting cytosolic pathogens by intracellular PRRs. Triggering induces the formation of intracellular PRR complexes called inflammasomes compo...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410033

Biomarkers in Relation to Disease Manifestations in Psoriatic Arthritis

Kristina Juneblad, Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist and Gerd-Marie Alenius

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: November 21, 2018

Two-hundred and seventy-four patients with established disease and 30 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Thirty-nine different serological biomarkers were investigated in relation to disease activity, disease manifestations and in comparison with controls. In addition to standard statistical methods, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to investigate different phenotypes of PsA....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410032

Analysis of Membrane Antigens on Neutrophils from Patients with Pneumonia

Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa, Tsuneyuki Ubagai, Yoji Koshibu, Takane Kikuchi-Ueda, Ryuichi Nakano, Go Kamoshida, Hirotoshi Kikuchi, Hiroto Ikeda, Yasuyuki Uchida, Tetsuya Sakamoto and Yasuo Ono

Article Type: Original Article | First Published: October 12, 2018

The aim of the present study was to assess the changes in cell membrane antigens on neutrophils from peripheral blood obtained from patients with pneumonia. Neutrophils play an important role in the phylaxis against pneumonia caused by bacteria and fungi. The recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs is a multistep process that involves granulopoiesis, neutrophil release, expression of neutrophil chemoattractants and cellular adhesion molecules, and the eventual transmigration of neutrophils into ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410031

pTregs or iTregs are the Potent Tolerance Inducer for the growth and Metastasis of Cancer

Upendra P Hegde, Evan R Jellison and Nitya G Chakraborty

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: October 11, 2018

It remains a wonder how Tregs induce tolerance for the development of cancer. Previously we have shown with melanoma patients that, increase in peripherally induced Tregs (pTregs) number in blood is related to the poor prognosis of the disease. In vitro induced Tregs (iTregs) and pTregs are remarkably similar and significantly different in functionality from tTregs. Here, we worked with 12 melanoma patients- six HLA A2 positive and six HLA A2 negative. PBL and tumor cells were obtained from the ...

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410030

Durable Response with the Anti-Pd-L1 Monoclonal Antibody Avelumab in Non-Resectable Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Review of Literature

Daniel Ezekwudo, Richard Keidan, Bolanle Gbadamosi, Vonda K Douglas-Nikitin, Zhou Yu, Jeffrey Margolis, Michael Stender, Susanna Gaikazian and Ishmael Jaiyesimi

Article Type: Case Report | First Published: August 24, 2018

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive form of skin cancer mostly seen in fair-skinned individuals between the ages of 60-80 years, and is associated with a poor prognostic outcome. Approximately 1500 new cases of MCC are diagnosed in the United States every year with an annual incidence rate of 0.7 per 100,000 persons....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410029

Budesonide Modulates the Immune Cross-Talk between Mononuclear and Colon Cancer Cells

Meir Djaldetti and Hanna Bessler

Article Type: Research Article | First Published: August 23, 2018

The introduction of corticosteroids in the therapeutic armamentarium has been a great contribution to human health. Budesonide, a semi-synthetic glucocorticoid derivative gained its popularity due to its anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and even anti-carcinogenic properties....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410028

Immunotherapy and the Immune Infiltrate in Pediatric Brain Tumors: An Illustration and Review of the Unique Challenges Facing Immunotherapy for Pediatric Oncology

Ashley S Plant and Eugene I Hwang

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: July 13, 2018

Immunotherapy for pediatric oncology is a robust and prolific area of active research and has changed the face of treatment for some cancers, such as, B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and neuroblastoma. However, the field faces challenges and hurdles unique to the pediatric population especially in the area of neuro-oncology....

 Open Access DOI:10.23937/2378-3672/1410027

Cellular Contact between Red Blood Cell and Endothelial Cells after High Dose Immunoglobulin Therapy Might Depend on Non-Immunological Mechanism

Nagahito Saito, Nobuo Takemori, Enrique Rewald, Hiroshi Nagura, Yutaka Kohgo and Hong-Kean Ooi

Article Type: Review Article | First Published: April 09, 2018

High dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) has been performed for increase of platelet to patients with immune-thrombocytopenia (ITP). We observed by standard and immunoelectron microscopy the phenomenon of the direct cell to cell contact between red blood cells (RBCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) in bone marrow (BM) of patients with ITP (ITP-patients) after IVIG and then compared to that of the mice injected human immunoglobulin (IgG). RBCs were observed to adhere directly to the ECs of...

Volume 5
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