Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and Treatment is an international, open access, peer reviewed journal that publishes clinical information in all areas of gastro-enteric system. The journal aims to set a forum for publication, education, and exchange of opinions, and to encourage research and publications globally. The Journal provides the clinicians, surgeons and health professionals with a platform to contribute their findings and help raise awareness on management of the gastrointestinal tract and liver diseases. We aim to publish highest quality clinical content via open access platform providing the readers at no cost, immediate and unlimited access.
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and Treatment is an open journal providing the readers information on research updates, discovery and innovation in various aspects of Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver, Acute Abdominal Pain, Chronic Abdominal Pain, Esophageal Disease, Dyspepsia, Nausea and Vomiting, Diarrhea, Intestinal Gas, Constipation, Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Disease, Eating Disorders, Stomach and Duodenum, Pancreas, Biliary Tract, Small and Large Intestine, Liver, Psychosocial Disorders, Advances in Treatment, Endoscopy, Gastric Cancer, Ulcerative Colitis, Disease Pathology, Prevention and Management, etc. The journal accepts all manuscript formats such as Original Article, Reviews, Mini Reviews, Short Communications, Case Reports, Clinical Image, Perspectives/Opinions, Letters, Short Note and Commentaries. All articles published in the journal are subject to a rigorous peer review process. It encourages authors to publish their experimental and theoretical results in detail to disseminate the updated research findings.
Journal Information
Title: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and Treatment
ISSN: 2469-584X
Editor-in-chief: Bo Jin
NLM title abbreviation: J Clin Gastroenterol Treat
ISO abbreviation: J Clin Gastroenterol Treat
Other titles: JCGT
Category: Gastroenterology/Hepatology
Country of publication: USA
Language: English
DOI: 10.23937/2469-584X
Publication format (s): Electronic and print
Publication policy: Open Access; COPE guide
Peer review: Double blind
Review speed: 3 weeks
Fast-track review: 10 days
Publication type(s): Periodicals
Publisher: ClinMed International Library
Contact email: contact@clinmedjournals.org
Articles Search by Keyword | Journal title | Author name | DOI
Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510062 Nikki Duong, Alice Lee and James H Lewis Article Type: Research Article | First Published: July 13, 2018 The side effect profile of NSAIDs is well-established. For prevention of NSAID-related ulcers, the evidence suggests that misoprostol and PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) are superior to H2RAs (histamine-2-receptor-antagonists). Current guidelines recommend use of the lowest possible NSAID dose, as well as consideration of the patients' gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risk profile....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510061 Rectal Cancer Metastasis to an Anal Fissure Kelly Cristine de Lacerda Rodrigues Buzatti, Igor Guedes Nogueira Reis, Isabelle Reis Daldegan and Beatriz Deoti Silva Rodrigues Article Type: Case Report | First Published: June 27, 2018  Rectal cancer metastasis to an anal fissure is an extremely rare condition, being the most common dissemination mechanisms lymphatic and blood vessels. However, it is possible that feces carry tumor cells from proximal regions of the intestine to implant in injured areas of the anal mucosa, such as anal fistula, anal fissure or hemorrhoidectomy wound....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510060 Rami R Mustafa, Leena Khaitan, Michał Robert Janik, Adel Alhaj Saleh, Mohammed Alshehri, Seyed Mohammad Kalantar Motamedi, Adil Khan, Heba elghalban, Tomasz Rogula and Mujjahid Abbas Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 04, 2018 Obesity is a multinational public health burden as obesity has doubled since 1980 with 1.5 billion adults gone into obesity in 2008. In the United States, 34 percent of US adults 20-years-old and older are overweight, 34% obese, and 6% are Morbid obese. Obesity is precisely linked to diabetes, hypertension and other chronic disease increase risk, Making big load on public health....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510059 Woodard C DO, Gelsomino T, Latronica A, Hooks ML, Aboelsoud M and Wu DY Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 30, 2018  Chronic hepatitis B affects approximately 1.25 million persons in the United States, leading to significant morbidity and mortality from liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The risk of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B to infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers has been reported to be as high as 90 percent without the use of active and passive immunization....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510058 Massive Splenic Infarction with Specific Sonographic Feature: Two Case Reports with Rare Etiologies Mortazavi AR, Joudi M, Zabolinejad N, Aelami MH, Farhangi H and Alamdaran SA Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 26, 2018  We reported two pediatric rare cases with massive splenic infarction that in both of them the interspersed hyperechoic linear striation of the splenic parenchyma was first suggestive sign of infarction, and diagnosis was confirmed by color Doppler and surgery....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510057 Pseudomelanosis of the Stomach and Duodenum Kevin Pelland and Xuchen Zhang Article Type: Case Report | First Published: April 19, 2018  Pseudomelanosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract is rare and classically associated with oral iron intake, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, diabetes mellitus, end stage renal disease and antihypertensive medication use. Duodenal involvement is well described, but only few cases of combined stomach and duodenal involvement have been reported to date. The lesion is indolent but can mimic more concerning entities like malignant melanoma....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510056 Divya Chalikonda, Charles Kistler, Xiangdong David Ren and Hie-Won Hann Article Type: Case Report | First Published: March 31, 2018 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most significant hepatocarcinogens. Increased risk for the development of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was observed in patients with dual infection compared to those with either HBV or HCV infection alone....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510055 Ermolenko E, Varsin S, Baryshnikova N, Svarval A, Ferman R, Besedina N, Zakrevskaya A, Molostova A and Suvorov A Article Type: Research Article | First Published: February 16, 2018  Investigation of gastric and colon microbiota in Helicobater pylori-infectes patients shown that: 1. Gastric microbiota in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients was different and the samples from H. pylori-positive patients were characterized by the higher growth of opportunistic bacteria; 2. The link between H. pylori in stomach and colon microbiota is possible; 3. After eradication without probiotics we saw decreasing level of Bifi...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510054 Shinichiro Koketsu, Shinichi Sameshima, Takashi Okuyama, Hiroshi Shigematsu and Masatoshi Oya Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 22, 2018  Leukocyte apheresis is a therapeutic option for moderate-to-severe active ulcerative colitis in Japan. It causes fewer complications, however, leukocyte apheresis requires the use of a relatively large caliber of peripheral venous line for hemodialysis. We reluctantly used a large caliber catheter with a double-lumen into the central vein. Catheter-related thrombosis and infection cases were occasionally observed during leukocyte apheresis. ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510053 Ebule IA, Djune FAK, Njeambosay BA, Doh GN, Metaghue G, Majuikouo L, Befolo MHDM, Nkayo M, Tanni B, Heugueu C, FEUATSAPK C, Noah ND, Paloheimo L and Syrjanen K Article Type: Research Article | First Published: December 30, 2017  Infection to Helicobacter pylori has been associated to many gastrointestinal diseases including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Chronic infections are frequent and severe in patients with diabetes mellitus (DMT2), probably due to the impairment of their immune status. The link between H. pylori infection and diabetes mellitus (DM) remains controversial....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510052 Ebule IA, Djune FAK, Njeambosay BA, Doh G N, Befolo MHDM, Nkayo M, Metaghue G, Majuikouo L, Tanni B, Heugueu C, FEUATSAPK C, Noah ND, Paloheimo L and Syrjanen K Article Type: Research Article | First Published: December 30, 2017 Gastric inflammation is a precursor to many gastrointestinal disorders including, peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Gastritis is frequent and usually severe in patients with diabetes mellitus (DMT2), probably due to the impairment of their immune status. Atrophic gastritis is usually accompanied by low hydrochloric acid, low pepsinogens and hypergastrinemia and is the most significant risk condition for gastric cancer....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510051 Meghana Vellanki and Steven Clayton Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 30, 2017  Barrett's esophagus requires surveillance to monitor for dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. New methods have been developed to detect dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. One of these methods, the wide area transepithelial sampling 3D brush biopsy (WATS 3D) is a computer-assisted brush-biopsy technique that uses an abrasive sampling instrument to detect dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma compared to the standard four quadrant biopsy...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510050 Natalia G Vallianou, Eleni Geladari, Evangelia Margellou, George Liadakis, Christina Vourlakou and Evangelos Kokkinakis Article Type: Case Report | First Published: December 20, 2017  Sarcoma Kaposi is rare and most commonly affects the skin. Herein, we present a patient with ulcerative colitis, who developed intestinal Kaposi's sarcoma only six months after being diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Therefore, we may conclude that sarcoma Kaposi was not due to immunosuppressive treatment, as its cutaneous form appeared only twenty days after having started azathioprine, mesalazine and corticosteroids enema....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510049 Vania DePaoli, Francis Barany and Yu-Wei Cheng Article Type: Short Communication | First Published: September 30, 2017  Retinoids and its derivatives are known to regulate tumor progression. Our previous study in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has shown that the expression of LRAT, a gene converts excess retinol into retinyl ester to balance retinoids homeostasis, may be regulated by its promoter methylation status to modulate the retinoids synthesis....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510048 RJLF Loffeld Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 30, 2017  All consecutive patients who underwent endoscopy in the years 2006-2015 in whom FGP's were seen were included. An extensive search was done in order to assess use of PPI's. As a control group all consecutive patients in 2012, in whom no macroscopic abnormalities were seen, were used....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510047 A Case of Serial Liver Injury Induced by Plant Food Supplements in a Young Healthy Man Gianluca Cappelleri, Enrico Sangiovanni and Mario Dell'Agli Article Type: Case Study | First Published: July 08, 2017  The use of botanicals is increasingly throughout the world. They are ingredients of different types of products, such as herbal medicinal products, Plant Food Supplements (PFS), and functional foods. They are commonly taken to promote health and treat or prevent diseases, even if, in most of cases, there is no clear evidence of their clinical efficacy....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510046 Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis from Prevalence to Outcome Hasan M Isa, Afaf M Mohamed, Halima E Al-Jowder and Khadija A Matrook Article Type: Research Article | First Published: June 30, 2017  Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that has potential morbidities, lifelong challenges and can leave both physical and psychosocial impacts. This study aimed to review the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and way of diagnosis, therapeutic approaches, complications and outcome of pediatric patients with UC....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510045 Giant Hiatus Hernia and Association with Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux: A Review Kevin J Chan, Bernard M Smithers and Michael W Hii Article Type: Review Article | First Published: May 31, 2017  A Hiatus Hernia (HH) describes the protrusion of intra-abdominal contents, through the oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm and into the mediastinum. The hernia typically contains the stomach to varying degrees but may include other organs such as the omentum, colon, liver, pancreas and spleen....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510044 Effect of EGF on Bax, Bcl-2 and Fas Expression in Ulcerous Disease and N87 Cell Line Fatma Soylemez, Ozlem Izci Ay, Ertan Ay, Engin Altintas, Cagatay H Turkseven and Mehmet E Erdal Article Type: Research Article | First Published: May 15, 2017  To evaluate the effect of EGF in primary culture of ulcer patients and N87 cell line on expressions of apoptotic genes. Ulcer patients who applied to Gastroenterology Clinic of Mersin University Medical Faculty were included in this study. EGF application to the primary culture of biopsy samples with ulcer patients and gastric cancer cell-line (ATCC-NCI-N87) has been carried out at three different doses....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510043 A Case of Acute Liver Failure Involving a Big Liver and a Small Cell SAL Hall, T Thomas, R Pathi, KR Muller and AJ Wigg Article Type: Case Report | First Published: March 02, 2017  Liver transplantation (LT) is an effective treatment for eligible patients with Acute Liver Failure (ALF). Prompt evaluation and decision making are required as there is often a small window of opportunity for LT before deterioration of patient health makes LT futile....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510042 Acute Appendicitis in Pediatric Patients: An Updated Narrative Review Abigail B Podany, Anthony Y Tsai and Peter W Dillon Article Type: Review Article | First Published: February 21, 2017  Acute appendicitis is the most common pediatric surgical emergency worldwide. The diagnosis and management in children involves a unique set of challenges for clinicians. While the diagnosis is primarily clinical, utilization of imaging and laboratory studies can aid practitioners in making a more prompt diagnosis, preventing complications from appendiceal perforation and limiting the rate of negative appendectomies. In children special emphasis ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510041 Trends in Inflammatory Bowel Disease- Comparison Between the Arab and Jewish Population in Israel Benjaminov Fabiana, Stein Assaf, Segal Ramona, Konikoff Fred M, Naftali Timna and Hermoni Doron Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 19, 2017  Genetic and environmental factors have a major influence on the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Older studies reported a very low prevalence of IBD among the Arab population in Israel. Evaluate the current prevalence and disease characteristics of IBD in the Israeli-Arab population and to compare them to the Jewish population in the same area....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510040 Aaron Lerner and Torsten Matthias Article Type: Editorial | First Published: January 07, 2017  Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is influenced by genetic susceptibility and surrounding environmental factors. Despite unknown etiology, the environmental factors are continuously unraveled. Studying ethnical differences in a well characterized and stable region might disclose etiologies and pathophysiological mechanism. The ethnical trends in IBD in Israel disclosed incidents, epidemiological, clinical, therapeutical and morbidity differences b...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510039 Filippo Fontani, Vladana Domazetovic, Tommaso Marcucci, Maria Teresa Vincenzini and Teresa Iantomasi Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 05, 2017  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and in several functions such as wound repair. The regulation of MMPs occurs at various levels including expression and inhibition by tissue specific inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs). An alteration of intracellular redox state can modulate the activation and/or expression of MMPs. The increased expression and activity of MMPs are related to inflamm...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510038 Takashi Abe, Takayuki Nagai and Kazunari Murakami Article Type: Clinical Image | First Published: December 01, 2016  A 71-year-old man was diagnosed with squamous cell lung cancer in the right lower lobe. He was treated with chemotherapy (first line: TS-1/CDDP; second line: carboplatin/nab-paclitaxel) and radiation therapy (41.4 Gy), but his disease continued to progress. The patient complained of relatively sudden-onset chest pain and high-grade fever. Computed tomography (CT) showed a small volume of air in the lung cancer of the right lower lobe, so the pati...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510037 Rare Delayed Metastasis of Uveal Melanoma Presenting as Fulminant Liver Failure Natalia G Vallianou, Charikleia Kouvidou, Eleni Geladari, Kyriakos Trigkidis, Eleni Antypa and Evangelos Kokkinakis Article Type: Case Report | First Published: November 09, 2016  Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adult. Here, we present a patient who died due to hepatic encephalopathy, which was attributed to liver metastasis, which occurred nine years after the revelation of the uveal melanoma....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510036 Portal Hypertension Does Not Preclude the Efficacy of Direct-acting Anti-Hepatitis C Viral Therapy Kazuhiko Morii, Takeharu Yamamoto, Shinichiro Nakamura, Mitsuki Fukumoto, Reiko Iwamoto, Mai Yoshioka and Hiroaki Okushin Article Type: Research Article | First Published: October 24, 2016  Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) could show satisfactory virological and safety outcomes on direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. Methods: Patients with HCV-related cirrhosis treated with DAA therapy were collected in the period between December 2014 and December 2015. Patient characteristics, therapeutic details, and saf...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510035 Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction in the Pediatric Age: A Medical Challenge Parisa Khodayar-Pardo and Andres Pena Aldea Article Type: Mini Review | First Published: October 04, 2016  Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO), although rare in children, is a significant cause of portal hypertension (PHT) which leads to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding in the pediatric age group. PHT may also lead to other complications such as hypersplenism, cholangiopathy, ascites, and even hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension that may require organ transplantation....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510034 Current Status of Colorectal Cancer: From Prevention to Treatment Maite Dominguez-Ayala, Alberto Loizate Totoricaguena, Izaskun del Hoyo Aretxabala, Beatriz Uriarte Vergara, Inigo Vilar Achabal and Jesus Maria Gomez Zabala Article Type: Research Article | First Published: October 04, 2016  The management process of colorectal cancer (CRC) comprises a large number of strategic moments for disease treatment. Key points of progress on this disease research range from the the initial screening phase, where screening tests and maximum population coverage are crucial, to the decision on what is the best personalized treatment at different disease stages. An overview of each of these phases will be conducted, unifying in one article the t...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510033 Risk Factors of Intestinal Metaplasia in Northwest of China Li Ke, Di Zhang, Yu Chen, Linhui Zhang, Shaohua Zhu, Anhui Wang, Lei Shang, Xiaomeng Cui, Xin Liu, Yongquan Shi and Daiming Fan Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 19, 2016  The aim of this study was to find out the risk factors of gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) in northwest of China. A retrospective case-control study was conducted with a well-designed questionnaire, including basic information and related factors. Totally 2157 subjects with benign upper gastrointestinal disorders from Xijing hospital and the second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were enrolled in this study, among which 332 cas...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510032 Diarrhea as First Symptom in Systemic Erythematous Lupus in Child - A Case Report Milena Rios Santos, Patricia Cerqueira Lima, Luciana Rodrigues Silva, Marilia Menegassi Zotareli, Cibele Dantas Ferreira Marques and Hemerson Dyego Novais Gomes Article Type: Case Report | First Published: August 30, 2016  The systemic erythematous lupus (LES) is a chronic inflammatory disease of autoimmune aetiology, characterized by the involvement of multiple organs and systems. It can be related to the production of different antibodies and the formation of immune complexes. It is a universally distributed disease which most frequently affects young females in childbearing age. It is uncommon to occur before ten years of age and very rare before five years of a...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510031 Hepatotoxicity from Alpha-Methyldopa During Pregnancy: Two Case Reports Raul Adrover, Cecilia Siri, Daniel Cocozzella, Carlos Quarin, Juan Rome and Horacio Aziz Article Type: Case Series | First Published: July 29, 2016  A 29-year-old woman in her third pregnancy (at 22 weeks), with a history of arterial hypertension under treatment with enalapril, which medication was switched to α-methyldopa on gestation week 8. She then began to experience coluria, generalized pruritus, and asthenia. Four days before consultation, she presented with jaundice. ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510030 Profile of 151 Patients Undergoing Open Gastrostomy an a Cancer Hospital Matheus Matta Machado Mafra Duque Estrada Meyer, Edmilson Celso Santos, Thalita Ezequiel de Souza, Paulo Vilela Neto, Laura Mendes Franca, Luisa Godinho Soares Bomfa, Marina Janot Pacheco de Castro, Paula Ferreira Possa, Rita de Cassia Melo Rabelo and Marcos Campos Wanderley Reis Article Type: Original Article | First Published: July 08, 2016  The gastrostomy is a procedure that aims to ensure a feeding pathway for patients who are unable to maintain adequate long term oral intake. Currently there are described the classical open technique and minimally invasive techniques, such as percutaneous endoscopic and percutaneous fluoroscopic gastrostomy, each one with its profile of indications and complications....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510029 Koh ZL Sharon, Yamamoto H and Tsang BS Charles Article Type: Case Report | First Published: July 01, 2016  We report a 52-year-old man who underwent a screening colonoscopy, which revealed a sessile rectal polyp with neoplastic features on magnified chromo-endoscopy. Based on pit pattern analysis and endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS), Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) was performed for a presumptive diagnosis of an early rectal neoplastic lesion (limited to the mucosa and upper third of the submucosa). Histopathological examination however reported it ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510028 Colonic Lipoma: Incidental and Urgent Management, Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature Justo I, Marcacuzco A, Caso O, Cambra F, Garcia-Nebreda M, Nutu A, Rivas C and Jimenez C Article Type: Case Series | First Published: May 29, 2016  Lipomas are benign tumors rarely found in the digestive tract, particularly rare in the colon, that were first described by Bauer in 1757 as an unusual cause of intussusception in the adult. Lipomas are most often small, asymptomatic and identified as incidental findings during colonoscopy. Nonetheless, up to 25% are symptomatic in the form of abdominal pain, bleeding, diarrhea or intussusception. Ninety percent of lipomas in the colon are locate...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510027 Abdominal Upper Gi Injury in 416 Polytraumatized Patients Matthias Heuer, Bjorn Hussmann, Rolf Lefering, Gernot M Kaiser, Sven Lendemans and TraumaRegister DGU Article Type: Original Research | First Published: May 29, 2016  In multiple-injury patients, the stomach and duodenum are part of the injury pattern to varying degrees in around 0.5-2% of the documented cases. In industrialized countries, abdominal injuries are mostly caused by a blunt accident mechanism. And yet, the abdominal upper GI injury is frequently not directly life-threatening. In 30-40% of the cases, complications occur, which may lead to a significant reduction in quality of life, e.g. due to nutr...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510026 Courtney B Sherman, Wei Zhao, Douglas A Corley and Jennifer Guy Article Type: Original Research | First Published: May 28, 2016  iver biopsy is not routinely recommended for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identification of characteristic imaging findings is usually sufficient for diagnosis and biopsy is recommended for a subset of patients with indeterminate lesions based on imaging or clinical characteristics. The study aim was to determine real-world utilization and accuracy of liver biopsy in patients ultimately diagnosed with HCC in a community settin...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510025 Lillian Reza, Madeeha Aziz, Olga Tsiamita and Abraham Ayantunde Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 26, 2016  Jejunal diverticulae are a rare phenomenon that is usually asymptomatic but can present with chronic abdominal pain or as an acute abdomen when complicated by intestinal diverticulitis, obstruction, haemorrhage or perforation. The clinical presentation is often atypical and therefore diagnosis occurs at surgical intervention or occasionally during an imaging investigation. Surgical resection of the affected bowel segment with primary anastomosis ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510024 Listeriosis Complicating Infliximab Treatment in Crohn's Disease FW Chen, W Matar, M Hersch and J Freiman Article Type: Case Report | First Published: May 06, 2016  Listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive rod, infects the central nervous system in neonates, pregnant woman and those immunosuppressed by naturally occurring illnesses and by therapeutic agents, including agents such as infliximab. We report here the first published case of Listeriosis complicating Infliximab therapy in Crohn's disease in Australia....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510023 Fabio Uggeri, Enrico Pinotti, Giulia Lo Bianco, Luca Nespoli and Fabrizio Romano Article Type: Case Report | First Published: April 25, 2016  Meckel's diverticulum has an incidence of 2-4% and is the most common congenital defect of the gastrointestinal tract. It is usually asymptomatic, it may become clinically evident in the presence of complications such as haemorrhage, obstruction or diverticulitis. We here report the case of a young patient of 11 years old with intestinal obstruction caused by a volvulus over a loop formed by the adhesion of Meckel's diverticulum to the cecal appe...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510022 Petko I Karagyozov, Bilyana H Teneva, Ivan P Tishkov, Zhenya N Georgieva and Marina Vloka Article Type: Case Report | First Published: April 23, 2016  Haemosuccus pancreaticus (HP) is a rare life threatening and difficult to diagnose cause of upper gastro-intestinal hemorrhage. It presents bleeding from the ampulla of Vater via the pancreatic duct. A 34-year-old woman was discharged from the Surgery Department after operation of pancreatic pseudocysts. Later she was rehospitalized twice due to bleeding from the contact drainage and melena. The upper GI endoscopy found gastric varices without bl...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510021 Deception in Crohn's Disease: A Case of Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerous Stenosing Enteritis Huafeng Shen, David R Cave and Seymour Katz Article Type: Case Report | First Published: April 21, 2016  Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis is a rare idiopathic condition, characterized by multiple small intestinal fibrous strictures with superficial ulcerations. It typically has a chronic or relapsing clinical course and has been mainly reported from Asia and Europe. We report a case of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) in a patient with chronic anemia with melena and intermittent abdominal pain. The clini...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510020 Validation of a Simple, Patient Directed, Symptom based Index for Intestinal Inflammation Hyok Jun Kwon, Sharon Dudley-Brown, Merrilee Williams, Marie-Michelle Sullivan and Michael Schultz Article Type: Research Article | First Published: April 12, 2016  Optimal management of the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) aims for low levels of inflammation to reduce complication rates and disease burden. Scoring systems have been developed to monitor disease but most have not been validated or have shortcomings that limit their practical use. Our aim was to compare two patient related outcome scoring systems with established and validated tools to estimate disease severity in patients with IBD....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510019 Helicobacter Pylori: A Review of Epidemiology, Treatment, and Management Yana Thaker, Andrew Moon and Anita Afzali Article Type: Review Article | First Published: April 09, 2016  Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative, helical bacilli that live in the gastric epithelium was first isolated in 1983. It was discovered by Marshall and Warren who cultured Campylobacter pyloridis, which was later reclassified as Helicobacter pylori. It is transmitted via the fecal-oral, gastro-oral, or oral-oral routes....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510018 Guillermo Padron Arredondo Article Type: Research Article | First Published: March 31, 2016  Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain in the pediatric population and requires surgery. Its diagnosis is suspected on the basis of clinical findings widely known. However, the classic signs are not always present and symptoms may be nonspecific and overlap with other causes of abdominal pain. The clinical presentation is also complicated in the pediatric population for their limited communication skills....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510017 Rahman Senocak, Mehmet Ince, Sahin Kaymak, Zafer Kilbas and M Tahir Ozer Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 12, 2016  An appendectomy is one of the most commonly performed abdominal surgical procedures. During this operation, a Meckel's diverticulum (MD) can occasionally be found as an incidental finding, but the coexistence of both appendicitis and a perforated MD is fairly rare. Complications associated with an MD commonly occur in males, but the frequency of complications decreases with aging. Here, we present a rare case with a simultaneous coexistence of ap...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510016 Giant Gastric Heterotopia in the Duodenum of an Adolescent Male and Review of the Literature Laura El-Hage, Vinay Sood and Cary Qualia Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 11, 2016  Duodenal polyps are typically found during routine screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy for patients who have known hereditary polyposis syndromes. When polyps enlarge they may cause obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract, which is rare. We report an adolescent male without history of an underlying polyposis syndrome found to have multiple duodenal polyps comprised of gastric tissue during an upper endoscopy performed for vomiting....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510015 Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Uni Wong and Leon P McLean Article Type: Original Article | First Published: February 02, 2016  Helicobacter pylori is a common infection linked to dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, gastric cancer, and MALT lymphoma. Endoscopic and nonendoscopic options may be used to diagnose H. pylori and confirm its eradication. Fourteen days of triple or quadruple therapy may be used as initial therapy, although clarithromycin-based triple therapy has become less effective over time....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510014 Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome and Hodgkin's Lymphoma Associated with Adalimumab Therapy James Brief, Anupama Chawla, Kathleen Usmani, Grace Gathungu, Robert Woroniecki, Daniel Coldren and Jeffrey Morganstern Article Type: Case Report | First Published: February 02, 2016  The patient is a 16 year-old male with CD and no family history of IBD, nephrotic disease or hypertension. CD was diagnosed at age 15 after intestinal biopsies demonstrated severe disease in the terminal ileum, ascending and transverse colon. Initial attempts to treat his disease with 5-aminosalicylic acid (800 mg mesalamine TID) and 6-mercaptopurine (both 50 mg and 75 mg daily) were ineffective in controlling his gastrointestinal symptoms....
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510013 Daniel Greenwald, Tarun Patel, Daniel McQuillen and Amy Barto Article Type: Research Article | First Published: January 30, 2016  Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) costs the national healthcare system billions of dollars annually, and is reaching epidemic proportions. The current study seeks to evaluate the efficacy and long term outcomes of outpatient colonoscopy-assisted fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) therapy in between 2011-2013 for recurrent or refractory CDI as part of a single center experience. Among 58 patients who underwent FMT and completed the telephone su...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510012 Are Patients Hospitalized with Cirrhosis and Ascites Receiving Appropriate Diagnostic Paracentesis? Harith Baharith, Yuhong Yuan and Marco Puglia Article Type: Research Article | First Published: February 16, 2016  Ascites is the most common complication of cirrhosis, and is associated with increased mortality. Diagnostic paracentesis is recommended for patients who are admitted to the hospital with ascites. However, it is unknown if diagnostic paracentesis in Canadian teaching hospitals are done according to recommended guidelines. We analyzed the rate of paracentesis, determined barriers for not performing paracentesis and the association of not performin...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510011 Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Past, Present and Future Baryshnikova NV, Uspenskiy YP and Suvorov AN Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 26, 2016  This review is a comprehensive summary of different variants of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy from past strategies to the current state of the art. Nowadays we see a progressive decreasing of eradication rate in many countries in case of use standard triple therapy. It can be associated with high clarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori. Gradual increase in number of the used antibiotics, the increase in duration of treatment, use of n...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510010 Advances and Controversies in the Management of Locally Advanced Gastro-esophageal Adenocarcinoma Hirva Mamdani, Kenneth A Kesler and Shadia I Jalal Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 09, 2016  Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAD) has been recently described as 'the silent epidemic' because of its rapidly rising incidence. Two-thirds of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma present with locally advanced disease. In spite of recent advances in cancer therapy, the treatment of locally advanced esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma remains challenging. Current standard of care for fit patients with locally advanced eso...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510009 Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Pediatric Biliary Diseases Paola De Angelis, Renato Tambucci, Giulia Angelino, Filippo Torroni, Francesca Rea, Giovanni Federici di Abriola, Francesca Foschia, Tamara Caldaro, Simona Faraci, Anna Chiara Contini, Erminia Romeo and Luigi Dall'Oglio Article Type: Review Article | First Published: January 04, 2016  Endoscopic retrograde colangio-pancreatography (ERCP) in children is currently widespread and utilized, particularly for therapeutic indication, as in adulthood. ERCP considered efficacy and safe in children, if performed by expert endoscopists. In the last year, the incoming progress of magnetic resonance image (MRI), especially in collaborator pediatric patients, eliminated many diagnostic indications for ERCP, leaving therapeutic aims as in ad...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510008 Validation of Steroid-Free Immunosuppression Regimen after Liver Transplantation Ken Fukumitsu, Ahmed Hammad, Toshimi Kaido, Kohei Ogawa, Yasuhiro Fujimoto, Akira Mori, Hideaki Okajima and Shinji Uemoto Article Type: Original Article | First Published: November 27, 2015  Liver transplantation (LT) is performed worldwide with immunosuppression being an indispensable component of the perioperative management. Calcineurin inhibitors and steroids have been the most popular and widely used drugs for a long time. However, steroids hold long-term adverse effects, as increased susceptibility to infection, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and osteopenia. Furthermore, steroids have been implicated in he...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510007 Buried Balloon: A Novel Complication from Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy Tube Placement Meghana Vellanki, Steve B Clayton and Patrick Brady Article Type: Case Series | First Published: November 16, 2015  Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement, once a staple of surgeons and gastroenterologists, has propagated into other fields of medicine with interventional radiology (IR) performing percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG). With more G-tubes being placed by IR, there have been novel complications associated with this technique. In the following case series, we describe one complication as a result of PRG tube placement by IR, called the 'Buried Bal...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510006 Impairment of Salivary Protection in Esophageal Defense: Its Implications in Reflux Esophagitis Harathi Yandrapu, Marek Marcinkiewicz, Tomasz Zbroch, Cezary Poplawski, Irene Sarosiek, Zbigniew Namiot and Jerzy Sarosiek Article Type: Original Article | First Published: September 28, 2015  Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent disease in the western world and affects approximately up to 20% of adults and nearly 25 million experience heartburn on a daily basis. Reflux esophagitis (RE) is caused by the excessive exposure of esophageal mucosa to aggressive factors like acid and pepsin leading to inflammation. Gastroesophageal reflux is a common phenomenon which would not normally cause esophageal mucosal damage ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510005 'Endoscopic Exposure Treatment' for a Small Colonic Lipoma Toshiro Fukui Article Type: Clinical Image | First Published: September 25, 2015  Lipomas form lobulated masses enclosed by thin and fibrous capsules. Colonic lipomas are usually discovered on colonoscopy, and gentle palpation with biopsy forceps reveals soft nature of the submucosal mass. Submucosal lipomas are usually not fixed to the underlying fascia. Large colonic ones may manifest as luminal obstruction, intussusception, volvulization or hemorrhage. Nonsurgical therapy includes endoscopic treatment for submucosal tumors ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510004 Hormonal Therapy for GI Angiodysplasia: Out of Hope After Failure of the Scope? Ujjwal Kumar, Kevin Cowley and Frederick Weber Article Type: Case Report | First Published: September 14, 2015  Angiodysplasia of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can present both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite the recent advances in endoscopy, many patients continue to suffer from recurrent bleeding. We report a remarkable case of a multi-year history of transfusion-requiring obscure overt recurrent GI bleeding, refractory to multiple endoscopic therapies as well as both octreotide and thalidomide. Upon initiation of hormonal therapy, the p...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510003 Hoda M. Malatyr, Bincy Abraham, Mina S. Emil, George D. Ferry and Elizabeth A. Garnett Article Type: Research Article | First Published: September 11, 2015  The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children has increased over the past 20 years and treatment with biologics is increasingly used.
Objective: We assessed the associations of biologics to IBD outcomes in children.
Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted on a cohort of children with IBD between 1988/2008 who were enrolled in the Pediatric IBD registry. The diagnosis of IBD was based on clinical, radiological, e...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510002 Xiaofa Qin Article Type: Commentary | First Published: August 27, 2015  More and more studies have shown that mucosal healing on endoscopy has been the key prognostic parameter for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predicts sustained clinical remission and resection-free survival of patients. It raised a big question as why the prognosis and long term remission of IBD are most strongly related to mucosal healing as judged by the appearance and integrate of the gut surface under the endoscope, rather than the set ...
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Open Access DOI:10.23937/2469-584X/1510001 Expectations for Hepatitis B Universal Vaccination for Hepatitis B Virus Eradication Toru Ishikawa Article Type: Review Article | First Published: August 26, 2015  The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC has not declined for the past several decades. HBV is essentially a disease that could potentially be eradicated by a vaccine. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), two billion people (one-third of the global population) have been infected with HBV worldwide, and more than 240 million are chronic carriers (4-6% of the world population)....
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